Socio- Cultural Issue and Education - 1249 Words

Final Paper Socio- Cultural issue and education Education gives us knowledge of the world around us. Education is not only about what we learn in our textbook as students but about the lessons we learn from those text books. It helps students develop a perspective on how to look at life. Education is the basic foundation for every one. It is instrumental in the development of our values and virtues. The future of our nation is safe in the hands of educated individuals, which is why they say â€Å"our children are our future†. Education is attached to everything that happens in this nation. In schools, students are taught languages, mathematics, science, history and a number of other subjects. They get to participate in sports†¦show more content†¦This puts them at a disadvantage, when compared to the students who go to some good private schools. It’s sad to have to put it that way but it’s the truth. The socioeconomic status of the parent has a lot to do with this. APA states â€Å"Low SES an d its correlates, such as lower education, poverty, and poor health, ultimately affect our society as a whole, in particular, America’s children. Children in the United States face one of the highest rates of poverty within the industrialized world.† If a parent spends hours at work to make ends meet then that takes away from parent involvement in home assignments. The parents also influence on the attitude the child brings to school and how important school is to the student. The values of school start at home, if a parent doesn’t believe that school is important factor in an adult’s life then that rubs off on the student, they carry that same attitude about school. Economic hardships manifest a number of challenges. From having a stable home, basic needs to medical care, all these things create challenges for students and teachers as well. This goes to show how easily students who come from poverty have a higher chance of not finishing school and facing many obstacles while in school making it so much more difficult for them. Since students have become much moreShow MoreRelatedSocio-cultural Assessment1369 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-cultural assessment is realising and understanding the way a child responds to challenges and change. Their responses and perceptions are based on the world in which they live. Their understanding of the world comes from the values and beliefs of the adults, community, socio-economic status, education and culture that surround them. (Mooney, 2000). When making an assessment on an individual child it is necessary to consider the background and culture in which they exist. Berger (2005), statesRead MoreEducation, Change, and Society1305 Words   |  6 PagesEDUCATION, CHANGE AND SOCIETY ASSIGNMENT 2 – ESSAY Success, achievement and participation at school are not simply a matter of intelligence or ability. Discuss this statement with reference to the concepts of cultural capital, hidden curriculum, class and socioeconomic status. Since the beginning of education there have been many forms, which have been passed on from one generation to the next. Over the years education has evolved and is now seen as the education system all over the world. Read MoreEradication of Sociocultural Barriers in Underpriviledged Countries916 Words   |  4 PagesConvention was conducted in order to highlight the fact that it is very important to understand and eradicate socio-cultural differences in underprivileged countries for providing children a healthy environment for grooming their personalities. The convention concluded that discrimination, stereotypes and abuse are some of the negative outcomes of socio-cultural differences. There are evident cultural differences in parenting among different states of Nigeria. Many case studies have concluded the fact thatRead MoreEarly Childhood Education Is Supplying The Children s Marketplace During Identity Development858 Words   |  4 Pageswith tools aimed towards giving students an education. Along with a degree is a copy of the Australian Curriculum ([AC], 2015) and the Early Years Learning Framework ([EYLF], 2015); however, what is important for the educator to perceive is that an important part of early childhood education is supplying the children’s ‘marketplace’ during identity development. According to Siraj-Blatchford and Clarke (2004, p. 23) the effects of gender, culture and socio economic status overlap with other formativeRead MoreToronto Is A City Of Many Cultures And Ethnicities1149 Words   |  5 Pagesclasses and races in work, in education and in life. In fact, according to the chapter â€Å"Gap Between Rich and Poor† in Toronto’s Vital Signs, income inequality is growing faster here than in other cities in Canada and this affects everyone in Toronto (2015). Toronto now can be divided into three areas by neighbourhood average income or by different races’ aggregation, and this is something that people in Toronto should be worried about (Toronto’s Vital Signs, 2015). Socio-spatial division couldRead MoreParental Involvement And Children Academic Success Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesChildren Academic Success Research Paper Sociological Bases of Education The Context: In my twenty plus years of teaching in both the public and private school and dealing with hundreds of parents and students and watching the effects of parental involvement on student success. Parent involvement has been shown to have positively influenced children’s education; however, many parents do not get involved in their child’s education, especially in middle school and high school. That is why I decidedRead MoreSchool Curriculum And The Early Years Learning Framework972 Words   |  4 Pagesacknowledge issues of diversity and difference and know how to approach these issues. There are two key documents that guide educators in their planning and implementation of curriculum; The Australian Curriculum and The Early Years Learning Framework. Using these two documents to create learning programs, educators must enact an inclusive curriculum that empowers all students, regardless of differences. For educators to understand and address issues of diversity and differences such as socio-economicRead MoreThe International Migration Of Nurses1116 Words   |  5 Pagessecurity, and professional development, so, nursing profession is considered to be a mob ile profession (Kingma, 2007). As international nurse migration has affected the whole world one way or the other, it has become a national as well as a global issue. Studies show that most of the developed and industrialized countries are confronting a critical shortage of nurses in the recent decades (Walani, 2015). Those countries, including Canada, are recruiting Internationally Educated Nurses (IENs) to meetRead MoreA Student s Cultural Capital Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesA student’s cultural capital will have an impact on their education. It will either be positive or it can be negative for the child. In this essay I will explain the idea of cultural capital and then use it to analyse the impact it has had on education in different settings. The first educational setting I will discuss is a story called Butterflies, written by Patricia Grace (2002), and the second being the contrast in education between high and low decile schools in New Zealand. This essay willRead MoreAn Educator Who Understands Issues Of Diversity And Difference976 Words   |  4 PagesAn educator who understands issues of diversity and difference will make the classroom a more enriching environment for all of the students in it, and will ensure those students who are adversely affected by such diversity and difference are given the opportunity and encouragement to overcome challenges they face. Socio-economic disadvantage among students has an impact in the classroom in terms of the ability of a child to gain an understanding of the knowledge and skills required to be a successful

Descartes, Berkeley, And God - 5780 Words

Descartes, Berkeley, and God There are conflicting views between philosophers of the modern era pertaining to the existence of God. Even further, many of these philosophers who share the opinion that God does in fact exist also have opposing views as to how that affects their world view. For example, Descartes’s narrator, in the fifth meditation comes to the conclusion, that God, an almighty benevolent being, is no deceiver, and holds all perfection. Within this system, the narrator attributes all things of the physical world to be material, although Descartes believes that some things are not of matter (i.e. soul or mind). Conversely, Berkeley, whom also is a believer of God’s existence, believes that there is no material world or sensible realm without mind. That through God, the sensible is excited within us and although he, like Descartes narrator, does not believe the Author of Our Creation deceives us. Thus even without matter, the regularities of our lives are no accident and have purpose. It is through analyzation of these two texts that I intend to find correlations and differences between Descartes and Berkeley s epistemology in order to ascertain the difference in their world views of dualism (Descartes) and immaterialism (Berkeley), particularly pertaining to their belief in God. For the sake of reference, an individual analysis of both philosophers will be established in order to make the differences of each system moreShow MoreRelatedDescartes And Berkeley s Beliefs On The Source Of Human Knowledge1155 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper, I will compare and contrast Descartes’ and Berkeley’s beliefs on the source of human knowledge and how it relates to their definitions of absolute truth. According to Descartes, the source of human knowledge is found only through thinking, because our senses deceive us. Absolute truth, for Descartes, is objective fact established through deductive reasoning. Berkeley, on the ot her hand, believes that human knowledge originates from perception and that absolute fact is one’s perceptionsRead MoreKant vs Aristotle1314 Words   |  6 Pagesrespectively. Under these traditions many well known philosophers have formed their own theories of God, existence and the material world. Through these individual theories I will show how each fits into the category of either Rationalist or Imperialist. The Plutonian philosophers to be discussed will include Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz. And the Aristotelian philosophers will include Locke, Berkeley and Hume. Plato, a philosopher of the 17th century, contended that Opinion at its best is a matterRead MoreDescartes And Berkeley s Philosophy958 Words   |  4 Pageseverything I see is an illusion? Philosopher Rene Descartes addressed the question in his meditations. He had distinct ideas concerning reality and illusion. Descartes believed in â€Å"Cartesian Dualism† - a relationship between the body and mind. In his meditations, he goes through the process of discarding all of his previously held beliefs and reevaluating them. However, some philosophers - such as George Berkeley disagreed with Descartes. Berkeley believed that there is only the mind. He believedRead MoreAnalysis Of Descartes s The Meditations Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesOur Ability to Perceive In the Meditations, Descartes abandons his views about everything he knows in the world. During this he discusses the idea of senses relying on the mind rather than the body. The role of senses is shown through his demonstration of the wax example and the ever changing properties the wax entailed. â€Å"The perception I have of it is a case not of vision or touch or imagination†¦but purely of mental scrutiny.† (Descartes 31) To Descartes, the senses were deceiving and could not beRead MorePhi 2010 Essay712 Words   |  3 PagesExplain and evaluate Rene Descartes’ views on knowledge. Rene Descartes believed that reason is a gift of humans and that knowledge can be directly obtained not from books but only through the application of reason. Because Rene Descartes believed that every human possesses the â€Å"natural light† of reason, he believed that if he presented all his arguments as logical line of thought, then anyone could understand them. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Explain and evaluate Rene Descartes’ evil demon conjectureRead MorePhilosophy: Do We Have Innate Ideas? Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesDo we have innate ideas? Offer your view with reference to the work of Descartes and Locke I understand the concept of innate ideas alone means ideas that presents our mind at birth. Descartes and Locke both have their own views about innate ideas and their arguments are completely different to each other and the question remain to the human knowledge. Do innate ideas really exist? Descartes does not put experiences to his philosophy like the other philosophers, Bacon and Hobbes. He believes thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Rene Descartes s Meditations On First Philosophy1066 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen a question that has prompted many different answers: what is reality? Among these writers were Renà ¨ Descartes and George Berkeley, who respectively argued that everything perceived must be real due to God being unable to deceive, and that the physical world only exists in one’s mind. In my view, it is not certain that the physical world is real, but one should act as if it is. Renà ¨ Descartes, in Meditations on First Philosophy, wrote each section after successive â€Å"meditations.† In Descartes’sRead MoreDescartes : Mind Over Matter1331 Words   |  6 Pages1018 Professor Crowell Phil 21 22 April 2016 Mind over Matter In his meditations Descartes supposed there was two fundamentally different sorts of substances in the universe, physical stuff, which bodies and chairs etc. are made up of; which is extended in space, hence he called it res extensa, but there’s also mind stuff which isn’t in space at all thinking stuff or, res cogitans. Bodies are made of res extensa and minds are made of res cogitans and the two are separate. To understand why he thoughtRead MoreThe Spread Of Empiricism By Isaac Newton1067 Words   |  5 Pagesthese beliefs. Descartes theory regarding clockwork universe inspired others to further investigate the countless mysteries in nature. By 1687, Isaac Newton developed his Principia Mathematica, which astounded the scientific community. Newton was successful in devising simple principles to describe a massive quantity of occurrences in the natural world, using mathematical laws. Things that were previously credited to divine power could then be examined through human reason. In Descartes works, he derivedRead MoreThe Matrix And Descartes Theory Of Immaterialism Analysis828 Words   |  4 PagesIn reading both the online synopsis of the Matrix, watching the movie, and reading segments of Descartes’ Meditation I, and Berkeley’s Theory of Immaterialism, a multitude of similarities as well as differences between the them have arisen in my observations. The most striking similarity between them is that they question the reality which is being lived in, or attempt to determine what is reali ty, or figure what is being controlled by an outside influence. The main difference between them was the

Analysis Of The Book The Devil Of The White City

The Intrigue of Chaos Part 1: The Devil in the White City is a true crime novel that takes place during the building, during, and aftermath of the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair. There are 2 main narratives,the first is Daniel Burnham, one of the main architects and designers of the World s Fair. This plot line shows the extreme stress that all of the Architects experienced, as the construction was slow to start, slow to build, and was filled with shortages, deaths, and awful communication. The second narrative is centered around H.H. Holmes, one of America’s first notorious serial killers. His narrative takes place in his â€Å"Murder Castle† and shows his complicated history and his numerous credit scams, identity scams, and most importantly,†¦show more content†¦(48 Larson)† Good Literature is what it sounds like it’s good but nothing amazing. It is for example, the Hunger Games, where it is a fun and exciting read, but doesn’t spark a change or awakening. This distinction between good and great is vital to the gradual understanding of what makes the human mind tick. Good literature might be nice for a quick and easy read on the beach, but Great literature or nonfiction will change one’s view point and requires detail and focus to extract its full meaning. Our group established 5 criterions to state what makes great literature. Our first criterion was â€Å"A great book must contain a message that applies to not only those who have experienced situations in the book, but provide perspective to those who have not.† A message that can be understood by numerous groups of people is vital to a great piece of literature. Our second criterion is that in order to teach a lesson it must expose a fault in human nature or in society. Our society is just as flawed as humanity is. Acknowledging these flaws is the first step in overcoming the trials of society and man. Our third criterion is centered ar ound the craftsmanship of the literary work. This can apply to a groundbreaking new approach to narration. Or even complex characters and a unique and individual style (Faulkner.) In summary, the 3rd criterion tries to move past just the message itself, and to focus onShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Devil Of The White City Essay1331 Words   |  6 PagesHaley Triplett Tyler Johnson World History 25 November 2016 The Devil in the White City Non-Fiction Book Report That night that the Titanic sinks, on board the Olympic on April 12, 1912, Daniel Hudson Burnham search mindfully for quite a while at his years arranging the Chicago World s Fair of 1893, held to respect the 400th commemoration of Columbus disclosure of America. In 1890, Chicago is a quickly developing city and needing to substantiate itself something particularly to the moreRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Devil Of The White City : Murder, Magic, And Madness At The Fair2200 Words   |  9 Pagestogether in the turbulent and chaotic environment of Chicago in the late 1800’s. The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair That Changed America by Erik Larson is a Non-Fiction book, but it gives essential information necessary to understand where the concepts of architectural design and the depraved mind of serial killers began in the U.S.. The book reviews help illuminate the highlights of the book and the balance between good and evil. H.H. Holmes is considered America’s firstRead MoreSummary Of Erik Larson s The Devil s The Red Devil And Where Is The White City1176 Words   |  5 Pages2003 book â€Å"The Devil in the White City†, including a summary, an analysis of the book s structure, and a discussion of the real-life individuals and events at the heart of the story. !!!Who s the Devil, and Where is the White City? When Leonardo DiCaprio and Martin Scorsese team up to make a big-budget movie based on your book, you know you ve arrived. This doesn t happen to most nonfiction authors, but it s happening to Erik Larson, best known for his 2003 book The Devil in the White City:Read MoreThe White City By Erik Larson887 Words   |  4 Pages Erik Larson’s literary nonfiction novel â€Å"The Devil in the White City† surrounds the events of the 1893 Columbian Exposition World’s Fair in Chicago. Larson does a magnificent job intertwining the lives of two men who were changed by the events of the fair. Daniel H. Burnham, the brilliant architect behind the legendary 1893 World s Fair and Dr. H. H. Holmes, the cunning serial killer who used the fair to lure his victims to their death. The purpose of this review is not only to summarize Larson’sRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Devil In The White City764 Words   |  4 PagesDevil in the White City Rhetorical Analysis Essay How can two people be so different, yet so similar? The World’s Columbian Exposition was a major event in the 19th century. The fair was something that’s never been done before in history triumphing the famous Eiffel Tower. As spectacular as the fair was there were murders being committed without any signs of slowing down. The Devil in the White City tells a story between the architect Daniel Burnham and the infamous serial killer H.H. Holmes. ErikRead MoreDevil in a Blue Dress Rhetorical Analysis Novel vs. Film Essay2428 Words   |  10 PagesDevil in a Blue Dress: Novel vs. Film The hardboiled mystery novel, Devil in a Blue Dress, by Walter Mosley was first published in 1990 and was acknowledged by former U.S. President, Bill Clinton, as one of his many favorite novelists (Easy Writer). Taking place in post-war Los Angeles, the story is narrated by an African American laborer, Easy Rawlins, who is transformed into an L.A. detective after being pulled in to the affairs of local townspeople. The successful novel continued onto screenRead MoreWhen Art Imitates Art757 Words   |  3 Pagesof dismissing anything that is not considered fine art as culturally and intellectually inferior. The restrictive nature of this approach leaves us with an elitist viewpoint and a sense of supremacy. And when talking about supremacy, whether it is white, black or even cultural, it is in no way something positive. Albeit, it is difficult to control the feeling of superiority when talking to someone who genuinely loves and admires singers with lyrics like: â€Å"Been around th e world, dont speak the languageRead MoreGood And Evil : Nel And Sula1577 Words   |  7 Pagesharsh line drawn by the people of the Bottom as to what good and evil looks like, making it apparent that morality is not black and white but more ambiguous. Good cannot be the direct opposite of evil, if those who represent good and evil are both good and evil themselves. The idea that Sula is evil while Nel is good is torn down in Nel’s mind as well, as near the book s end she reflects on the death of Chicken Little. Morrison writes â€Å"All these years she had been secretly proud of her calm, controlledRead MoreReview of James H. Cones Martin Malcolm America: A Dream or A Nightmare1310 Words   |  6 PagesReview of James H. Cones Martin Malcolm America: A Dream or A Nightmare Martin Malcolm America: A Dream or a Nightmare written by James H. Cone is a book that takes an in depth look at Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, their ties to each other and what they meant to American society. Before the reader can understand why Martin and Malcolm developed such varying views on civil rights, he first discusses the details of the social and economic lifestyles that each Read MoreHonors Literary Analysis : The Time Periods, Geographical Location, Historical / Social Context )1195 Words   |  5 PagesHonors Literary Analysis January 21, 2015 Name: ____Tucker Mason_______ Title: ___________Go set a watchman_____________ Author: __Harper Lee____________ Genre: __Fiction_______ Setting (ANALYZE the time period, geographical location, historical/social context) The setting can best be describe has a quiet rural town in alabama during the 1950s. From the time period we can tell there are still racial tensions. We learn that almost all the people in maycomb county are part of the KKK. Character

Cultural Diversity and the Impossibility of a True...

Cultural Diversity and the Impossibility of a True Melting Pot The core standards of America are founded, in principle, on the basis of its diversity and equality among citizens. Begin- ning with its Declaration of Independence, the United States distinguished itself from other modern nation-states by establishing a country of men who were different but equal. Yet, despite the unifying images America projects within and beyond its borders, the idea behind E Pluribus Unum does not resound as one might assume it would. E Pluribus Unum was originally intended to be both a representation of the union of the thirteen colonies and an expression of the United States as a country formed by immigrants of many different backgrounds.†¦show more content†¦E Pluribus Unum may show the United States to be a country formed of many different cultures, and it may suggest the equality of all people, but even today many people, especially those of non-European ancestry, are often looked upon as secondary or non-citizens and are placed in a socially subservient position. Since September 11, 2001, various communities within the United States seemed to be uniting for a time, despite the differences that typically undermine the original intentions behind E Pluribus Unum. Especially in places such as New York City, which is known world-wide as a mecca of diversity within its tightly confined parameters, people have been embracing each other as people rather than as members of cultures other than their own. But there has been a backlash as well, an increase in violent types of discrimination and prejudice in and near communities of Americans whose descent is Middle Eastern. Many non-Middle Eastern Americans blame all people who appear Middle Eastern as culpable for what happened on September 11. So the attention paid to culture, now, is based on the differences between Middle Eastern cultures and non-Middle Eastern cultures in America. I wanted to explore how American citizens choose, especially after the events of September 11, to deal with cultures found within the United States that differ from their own. I chose to interview two people with strong, contrasting convictions aboutShow MoreRelatedThe Fullness of Time1279 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Pax Romana.† Initiated under Caesar Augustus, this era was a time of cultural and economic growth. â€Å"With its borders secure and a stable central government, the Roman Empire enjoyed a period of prosperity, technological advance, great achievements in the arts, and flourishing trade and commerce.† As the empire widened, imperial power extended throughout the Mediterranean, and Rome became a melting pot. By approximately 212 A.D. all freemen throughout the Roman Empire were grantedRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 Pagesinfluence on Springfield’s most famous citizen, Homer Simpson. Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4 Postmodernism: Profile of a Cultural Movement ................................................................ 4 Key Terms and Theories of Postmodernism ....................................................................... 6 Critique of Metanarratives in The Simpsons ............Read MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesWorking Cultures and Leaders as Cultural Agents Trust Linking the Themes Introductory Notes on Organisational Analysis Understanding Organisations The Limits of Rationalism Levels of Analysis: The SOGI Model Limitations of the SOGI Model The Individual Level The Group Level The Organisation Level The Society Level Interactions between the Levels Morgan’s Metaphors The Metaphors in Brief The Machine Metaphor The Organic Metaphor The Brain Metaphor Cultural (Anthropological) Metaphor The Poli ticalRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesenvironment? d. Main reasons for environmental problems nowadays 5. Religion a. Religion divides more than it unites b. Religion and politics c. Science and religion 6. Terrorism a. Can terrorism ever be eradicated? 7. Sports a. True purpose of sports nowadays b. Sports and Media 8. Foreign Aid a. How effective is Foreign Aid? 9. Migration a. Is migration/having foreigners good? 10. Subjects a. Literature b. History c. Mathematics d. Universal language

American Correctional Policies Free Essays

The main focus of the juvenile justice systems has always been rehabilitation of the offender. However, this principle has been criticized by some sociologists prompting research activities on the most appropriate method of dealing with juvenile delinquency. Steiner and Wright (2006) carried out a research to determine the effectiveness of tougher penalties on certain cases of juvenile delinquency. We will write a custom essay sample on American Correctional Policies or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to their study, Steiner and Wright the more strict penalties introduced in the late 20th century had no impacts on the rate of juvenile delinquency and recidivism. A similar study by the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2004) indicated that there is no evidence of the effectiveness of the therapeutic foster care intervention programs in dealing with juvenile delinquency. This program was introduced to assists delinquent youths who are unable to live with their parent. However, the program recommended that young people with chronic deviant behaviors should be put under a foster parent who is trained to handle such individuals. Although the findings of the two studies are essential in formulation of correctional policies, it is important to note that both studies do not consider the factors that forced the juvenile to commit the crime before looking at the effectiveness of the programs. There is no doubt that every case of juvenile delinquency should be addressed separately if intervention programs have to be effective. Reference Cocozza, J. Skowyra, K. (2002). â€Å"Youth with mental health disorders: issues and emerging responses. † Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Journal, 7(1), pp 3-13. MMWR (2004) Therapeutic foster care for the prevention of violence: A report on recommendations of the task force on community preventive services, CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 53 (RR-10). Steiner, B. , Wright, E. (2006). â€Å"Assessing the relative effects of state direct file waiver laws on violent juvenile crime: Deterrence or irrelevance? † The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology. 96(4), pp 1451-1477. Part two: Abstract Policies that are geared towards restoration of justice have been common in the criminal justice systems in the United States. These policies have progressively found their way into the juvenile justice systems in many states. These policies are aimed at balancing the interests of the juvenile offenders and the victims of the offences. There are several studies that have been carried out to ascertain the effectiveness of these programs in the juvenile justice systems. This paper is aimed at examining the restorative justice policies in the juvenile justice systems which has concluded that this approach has been adopted by almost all states in the country in the recent past. Reference Pavelka, S. (2008). â€Å"Restorative Juvenile Justice Legislation And Policy: A National Assessment,† International Journal of Restorative Justice, 4(2) pp 100-118 http://www. restorativejustice. org/legislative-assembly/15statutes-cases-regulations-and-recommendations-from-national-regional-and-intergovernmental-bodies/restorative-justice-and-the-law/statutes/restorative-juvenile-justice-legislation-and-policy-a-national-assessement. How to cite American Correctional Policies, Papers

Law Of Trump Developments Ltd Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Law Of Trump Developments Ltd. Answer: Issue Do the directors of the company, Trump Developments Ltd, have any defences against an action by the Australian Securities and Investment (ASIC) or the Australian securities Exchange (ASX)? Rule The facts of the case make it clear that the directors of the company, Trump Developments Ltd, have breached the provisions of the Corporations Act, 2001. Section 180 of the Corporations Act, 2001 stipulates that a director or other officer of a company must act and use his powers in respect of his position with reasonable diligence and care.[1] The directors of the company failed to do so and ran into massive overruns and exhausted all of the companys resources. They also failed to ensure that the developmental works in USA and the Carribean were conducted under a safe environment. Their failure led to the casualty of 3 workmen. Section 181 of the Corporations Act, 2001 lays down that a director of a company should discharge their duties and use their powers in respect of the company for a purpose laid down by the constitution of the company and in good faith keeping the best interests of the company.[2] The facts of the present case make it clear that the directors of Trump Developments Ltd contravened the provisions of this section by investing in development of Casinos in a substantial manner when the companys constitution clearly stated that their primary function would be development of residential apartments. In addition to this, they also amassed foreign investment for their developmental projects, which is in contravention of the constitution of the company. Section 182 of the Corporations Act, 2001 establishes that a director of a company should not use his position to the disadvantage of the company.[3] Big Donald used his position as the Chief Executive Director of the company to invest in Casino Development even though Hillary opposed the idea. Bernie and Little Marco decided to side with Big Donald to prevent another unpleasant confrontation. These events establish that Big Donald used his position to the loss of the company. Section 184 of the Corporations Act, 2001 stipulates that an officer or director of a companys acts shall be treated as an offence if those actions are within the scope of his powers and position in relation to the company and those acts are: Reckless; or Not honest by intention; or Not in good faith and in the corporations best interests; For a purpose that is proper[4] The facts of the case establish that the directors of Trump Developments are in contravention of the above-mentioned provisions. Application In the landmark case of ASIC vs Rich, 2009, the ASIC brought charges of breaching his duty of care that led to the collapse of the One Tel. telecommunications company. The proceedings of this case ran for almost nine years and it was held that the ASIC had failed to prove any of its charges against Mr. Rich and thereby dismissed the case.[5] The only defence that the companys directors have is to plead that their conducts were intended towards the best interests of the corporation (in respect of the companys bankruptcy) as the constitution of the company did not expressly prevent them to enter into developmental works other than residential apartments. In respect of the workmen casualties, the directors may plead that they exercised duty of care to the best of their abilities. Conclusion The only defence left to the directors of Trump Development Ltd., is to plead that their actions were intended keeping the best interests of the company in mind. References ASIC v Rich 635 [7288] Austlii (2017). Retrieved 1 September 2017, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s180.html Austlii (2017). Retrieved 1 September 2017, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s181.html Austlii (2017). Retrieved 1 September 2017, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s182.html Austlii (2017). Retrieved 1 September 2017, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s184.html